{"id":70287,"date":"2020-12-21T07:00:03","date_gmt":"2020-12-21T10:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/patagoniambiental.com.ar\/info\/?p=70287"},"modified":"2020-12-21T08:49:28","modified_gmt":"2020-12-21T11:49:28","slug":"mapuches-del-sur-de-chile-extraen-algas-y-moluscos-con-metodo-ancestral","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/patagoniambiental.com.ar\/info\/mapuches-del-sur-de-chile-extraen-algas-y-moluscos-con-metodo-ancestral\/","title":{"rendered":"Mapuches del sur de Chile extraen algas y moluscos con m\u00e9todo ancestral"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Los Arrayanes, Chile.<\/em>\u00a0Esperan a que las olas bravas se retiren para adentrarse en las g\u00e9lidas aguas del Pac\u00edfico en el sur de Chile.<\/div>\n
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De esta manera, los lafkenches, los mapuches del mar, surcan acantilados para recolectar algas y arrancar mariscos de las rocas como hac\u00edan sus ancestros. Esa comunidad del pueblo nativo mapuche, que habita la zona Lafken Mapu, en la regi\u00f3n de La Araucan\u00eda, unos 800 kil\u00f3metros al sur de Santiago, vive de la recolecci\u00f3n marina y de la peque\u00f1a agricultura.<\/div>\n
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Quedan pocas familias lafkenche que basan su forma de vida en la recolecci\u00f3n de \u00abcochayuyo, lualua, luche\u00bb y la siembra de la tierra. Foto Afp<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Follow @lajornadaonline<\/a><\/p>\n

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No son muchas las familias como la de Lidia Caniulen Lloncon, de 50 a\u00f1os, que contin\u00faan esta forma de vida, humilde, basada en la siembra de la tierra y\u00a0la recolecci\u00f3n de cochayuyo, lualua, luche<\/q>, dice la matriarca, sobre la variedad de algas que extraen del mar. Tambi\u00e9n mariscan, recogen lapas y otros moluscos desde las rocas hasta que se les entumecen las manos, sobre todo cuando se trata de erizos o\u00a0locos, los m\u00e1s preciados de un mar rico en frutos, cuenta Caniulen.<\/p>\n

En la comuna de Carahue, la poblaci\u00f3n lafkenche alcanza mil 120 personas. De las 40 que viven en Los Arrayanes, como Lidia, 90 por ciento se dedica a la recolecci\u00f3n, seg\u00fan el municipio.<\/p>\n

Como todo lafkenche, Caniulen empez\u00f3 de ni\u00f1a en las faenas de mar.\u00a0A los 10 a\u00f1os<\/q>\u00a0y con sus padres moj\u00e1ndose como ella, aprendi\u00f3 a sacar caracoles y a interpretar cuando la luna les anunciaba un mar\u00a0mancito<\/q>\u00a0para aprovechar la marea baja.<\/p>\n

En aguas donde en cinco minutos un turista ya tiene dolor de huesos, los lafkenches, a veces con trajes t\u00e9rmicos, pasan horas pele\u00e1ndole a las olas las tiras gigantes de cochayuyo, un alga parda y gruesa, rica en yodo, propia de los mares subant\u00e1rticos.\u00a0Cuando me echo al agua as\u00ed no m\u00e1s, sin traje y a patita pelada (pies desnudos), a veces estoy hasta dos horas sacando cochayuyo<\/q>, presume Caniulen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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El cochayuyo es comestible y es bueno para la salud, porque tiene mucho yodo y eso hace bien para la tiroides<\/q>. Se vende en Jap\u00f3n y China, donde lo compran para hacer jab\u00f3n y champ\u00fa, explica.<\/p>\n

Con sus m\u00e1s de 4 mil 500 kil\u00f3metros de costas, Chile es un importante exportador de productos del mar y vende a Asia unas 6 mil toneladas anuales de algas de uso industrial, empleadas en el sector cosm\u00e9tico, alimentos vegetarianos y de dietas.<\/p>\n

Para sacar los erizos y\u00a0locos\u00a0tienen que bucear y pasar m\u00e1s de dos horas en la recolecta.\u00a0Est\u00e1n en lo hondo y cuesta sacarlos<\/q>, dice esta recolectora sobre los\u00a0locos, molusco que se encuentra s\u00f3lo en Chile y Per\u00fa. Los lafkenches reciben 12 mil pesos (16 d\u00f3lares) por una docena de erizos y 15 mil por la docena (20 d\u00f3lares) de locos, cuya extracci\u00f3n est\u00e1 prohibida ahora.<\/p>\n

Hay que tener buenos brazos, manos gruesas y piernas con aplomo para arrancarle a las olas las enormes hojas de cochayuyo, arrastrarlas a la orilla, ponerlas al sol a secar, armar los fardos y luego subirlos por el sendero del acantilado.<\/p>\n

Hasta 2015 sub\u00edan al hombro esa carga, pero el Ministerio de Pesca y Agricultura les\u00a0entreg\u00f3 un elevador de algas y ahora el camino se hace m\u00e1s liviano<\/q>, cuenta sobre una tirolesa donde hoy encaraman las algas para transportarlas desde la orilla hasta lo alto del acantilado. All\u00ed arriba preparan los paquetes para su venta a revendedores de la zona.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Fuente:\u00a0https:\/\/www.jornada.com.mx\/ultimas\/sociedad\/2020\/12\/19\/mapuches-del-sur-de-chile-extraen-algas-y-moluscos-con-metodo-ancestral-1605.html<\/p>\n

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Los Arrayanes, Chile.\u00a0Esperan a que las olas bravas se retiren para adentrarse en las g\u00e9lidas aguas del Pac\u00edfico en el […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":70288,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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